Data acquisition is the process of measuring an electrical or physical phenomenon such as load pressure torque voltage current temperature pressure or sound with a computer A Data acquisition system consists of sensors measurement hardware and a computer with programmable software Compared to traditional measurement systems PCbased Data acquisition systems exploit the processing power productivity display and connectivity capabilities of industrystandard computers providing a more powerful flexible and costeffective measurement solution
A Data Acquisition System is comprised of three parts an IO subsystem a host computer and the controlling software However some systems such as the Power DNA Cube running a standalone Linux application combine the IO subsystem and the host CPU in the same package These systems are often referred to as embedded DAQ systems
Data Communication
Standard systems with a separate host computer and IO system require a method to communicate with each other The most common Data Acquisition System interfaces are the PCI bus PXI bus Ethernet USB and Serial IO However there are systems based on many other architectures including GPIB CAN bus Fire wire IEEE1394 PCI Express as well as many legacy bus architectures including VME Multi Bus ISA bus NU Bus and many more
Function of data acquisition system
Data acquisition and conversion systems are used to acquire analog signals from one or more sources and convert these signals into digital form for analysis or transmission by devices such as digital computers recorders or communications networks The analog signal inputs to data acquisition systems are most often generated from sensors and transducers which convert realworld parameters such as pressure temperature stress or strain flow etc into equivalent electrical signals The electrically equivalent signals are then converted by the data acquisition system and are then utilized by the devices in digital form The ability of the electronic system to preserve signal accuracy and integrity is the main measure of the quality of the system